Embodied AI in Ophthalmology: From Perception to Autonomous Clinical Action
This perspective introduces embodied artificial intelligence (EAI) as a framework that unifies perception, reasoning, and physical action through real-time feedback loops. In ophthalmology, EAI supports data-driven decision-making for diagnosis, surgical guidance, and personalized treatment. The authors outline challenges in data integration, model interpretability, and ethics, positioning EAI as a next-generation paradigm for clinical AI beyond static image classification.
The original study
Embodied artificial intelligence in ophthalmology.
- Authors
- Qiu Y, Chen X, Wu X, Li Y, Xu P, Jin K, et al.
- Journal
- NPJ digital medicine
- Type
- Journal Article, Review
- PMID
- 40500350
Original abstract
Embodied artificial intelligence (EAI) integrates perception, memory, reasoning and action through physical interaction, enabling multimodal dynamic learning and real-time feedback. In ophthalmology, EAI supports data-driven decision-making, improving the precision and personalization of diagnosis, surgery, and treatment. It also holds transformative potential in medical education and scientific research by simulating clinical scenarios and accelerating discovery. This perspective highlights EAI's unique potential while addressing current challenges in data, interpretation, and ethics, and outlines future directions for its clinical integration.