Urinary Angiogenin Confirmed as Reliable Biomarker for Early Bladder Cancer Detection
A meta-analysis of seven case-control studies (1,051 participants) found that urinary angiogenin/RNase 5 achieved 70% sensitivity, 79% specificity, and an AUC of 0.82 for detecting bladder cancer. The diagnostic odds ratio of 10.6 and absence of publication bias support its reliability as a non-invasive screening biomarker. While not sufficient as a standalone test, angiogenin could complement cystoscopy in risk-stratified surveillance protocols.
The original study
Investigating angiogenin/ribonuclease 5 as a diagnostic biomarker for bladder cancer: In-depth analysis from a systematic review and meta-analysis.
- Authors
- Aalami AH, Abdeahad H, Aalami F, Sathyapalan T, Sahebkar A
- Journal
- Clinical biochemistry
- Type
- Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Systematic Review
- PMID
- 38906363
Original abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) represents a prevalent malignancy in North America and Europe, posing significant health burdens. The identification of a reliable biomarker for early BC detection is imperative to enhance prognostic outcomes. Our aim for this study is to determine the diagnostic accuracy and potential clinical utility of Angiogenin/Ribonuclease 5 (ANG/RNase 5) as a biomarker for detection of BC. A systematic literature search across multiple databases up to March 20, 2024, was conducted. CMA 3.7 and Meta-disk 1.4 were used to analyze specificity, sensitivity, AUC, DOR, LR+, LR-, Q*index, and SROC for ANG as a urinary biomarker in BC patients. Publication bias was assessed using Egger's regression asymmetry and Begg's rank correlation tests. Additional diagnosing analyses were performed using Python programming language version 3.12.1. In this meta-analysis of seven case-control studies comprising 1,051 participants (576 cases and 481 controls), pooled sensitivity was 0.701 (95 % CI: 0.662-0.738), specificity was 0.787 (95 % CI: 0.752-0.819), LR + was 3.582 (95 % CI: 2.260-5.676), LR- was 0.398 (95 % CI: 0.327-0.485), and DOR was 10.637 (95 % CI: 6.106-18.529). The AUC and Q* index values were 0.823 and 0.756, respectively. Both Begg and Mazumdar Rank Correlation Test (p = 0.229) and Egger's Test of the Intercept (p = 0.135) revealed no significant evidence of publication bias. Our meta-analysis confirms ANG/RNase 5 as a reliable biomarker for early bladder cancer detection, showing strong diagnostic accuracy and no publication bias.