Lab Medicine Significance 6/10

A Laboratorian's Guide to Billing and Reimbursement for Molecular Microbiology Testing

This comprehensive review demystifies laboratory billing processes for molecular microbiology tests, covering insurance billing, procedure codes, health plan coverage determinations, and their downstream effects on test accessibility. The authors identify syndromic panels, antimicrobial resistance testing, and next-generation sequencing as key areas where laboratorians and manufacturers can improve reimbursement to expand adoption of evolving diagnostic technologies.

The original study

The laboratory billing process and its applications to molecular microbiology testing: guidance for laboratorians.

Authors
Starolis MW, Kapoor H, Jurcic Smith KL, Liesman RM, Zenefski DR
Journal
Journal of clinical microbiology
Type
Journal Article, Review
PMID
40891849
Read the original study →

Original abstract

The processes used by laboratories to seek reimbursement for services performed are complex and often unclear to laboratorians, a key group that has the clinical and technical knowledge to influence reimbursement. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of laboratory billing processes for insurance billing and hospital inpatient services, as well as the various procedure codes used in these processes. Understanding the health plan landscape is also of critical importance, as health plan policies and coverage decisions have downstream effects on accessibility of testing for patients. A detailed overview of health plans and how coverage determinations are made and communicated is discussed in this review. Lastly, we present actionable areas of opportunity in clinical microbiology where laboratorians, as well as test manufacturers, can focus on improving reimbursement (syndromic panels, antimicrobial resistance, and next-generation sequencing) to expand access to these evolving technologies and encourage adoption in clinical laboratories.