Lab Medicine Significance 7/10

Presepsin Cut-Off of 713 ng/L Shows Good Accuracy for Late-Onset Sepsis in Critically Ill Neonates

In this multicenter prospective study of 351 critically ill newborns, 69 developed late-onset sepsis. Presepsin levels rose significantly at infection onset and 24-48 hours later compared to admission baseline, achieving an AUC of 0.74 for confirmed sepsis. At the optimal cut-off of 713 ng/L, presepsin correctly classified approximately two-thirds of patients with an 89% negative predictive value. Importantly, baseline presepsin was unaffected by underlying pathologies, supporting its reliability in complex neonatal populations.

The original study

The accuracy of presepsin in diagnosing neonatal late-onset sepsis in critically ill neonates: a prospective study.

Authors
Auriti C, De Rose DU, Maddaloni C, Ravà L, Martini L, Di Tommaso E, et al.
Journal
Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine
Type
Journal Article, Multicenter Study
PMID
40249949
Read the original study →

Original abstract

OBJECTIVES: The diagnostic accuracy of presepsin (P-SEP) in the newborn is still under evaluation. METHODS: In a multicenter study, we studied the accuracy of P-SEP as a diagnostic marker of late-onset sepsis (LOS) in critical newborns with underlying disorders, to define the most accurate cut-off to distinguish infected from uninfected patients. RESULTS: Sixty-nine/351 newborns without infections at admission developed LOS. The median P-SEP value at T0 (admission) was 518.0 ng/L (IQR 313.0-789.0), without significant differences related to underlying diseases (p=0.52). In neonates who developed LOS, P-SEP increased at the onset of infection (T1) (median: 816.0 ng/L) and after 24-48 h (median: 901.0 ng/L) compared with their value at admission (median: 560.0 ng/L) (p<0.01 and p=0.03, respectively). The area under the ROC curve at T1 was 0.71 (95 % CI 0.65-0.78) when all cases of sepsis were included in the analysis and increased to 0.74 (95 % CI 0.66-0.81) considering only confirmed sepsis. Approximately two-thirds of patients were correctly classified, setting the cut-off at 713 ng/L, with a negative predictive value of 89.0 %. CONCLUSIONS: At a cut-off of 713 ng/L, P-SEP has good accuracy in diagnosing LOS in critically ill newborns. In uninfected newborns, the median value of P-SEP is not influenced by any underlying pathology.