H. pylori Diagnostics: Comprehensive Guide to Laboratory Methods and Resistance Detection
This review provides an updated overview of all available diagnostic methods for Helicobacter pylori infection, organized by clinical setting, patient factors, and eradication monitoring. It covers invasive methods (culture, histology, rapid urease test) and non-invasive approaches (urea breath test, stool antigen, serology), with guidance on selecting appropriate tests for different clinical scenarios including upper GI bleeding and post-gastrectomy. The growing importance of antimicrobial resistance detection in H. pylori is emphasized throughout.
The original study
Helicobacter pylori Infection, Its Laboratory Diagnosis, and Antimicrobial Resistance: a Perspective of Clinical Relevance.
- Authors
- Ansari S, Yamaoka Y
- Journal
- Clinical microbiology reviews
- Type
- Journal Article, Review, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- PMID
- 35404105
Original abstract
Despite the recent decrease in overall prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection, morbidity and mortality rates associated with gastric cancer remain high. The antimicrobial resistance developments and treatment failure are fueling the global burden of H. pylori-associated gastric complications. Accurate diagnosis remains the opening move for treatment and eradication of infections caused by microorganisms. Although several reports have been published on diagnostic approaches for H. pylori infection, most lack the data regarding diagnosis from a clinical perspective. Therefore, we provide an intensive, comprehensive, and updated description of the currently available diagnostic methods that can help clinicians, infection diagnosis professionals, and H. pylori researchers working on infection epidemiology to broaden their understanding and to select appropriate diagnostic methods. We also emphasize appropriate diagnostic approaches based on clinical settings (either clinical diagnosis or mass screening), patient factors (either age or other predisposing factors), and clinical factors (either upper gastrointestinal bleeding or partial gastrectomy) and appropriate methods to be considered for evaluating eradication efficacy. Furthermore, to cope with the increasing trend of antimicrobial resistance, a better understanding of its emergence and current diagnostic approaches for resistance detection remain inevitable.